Author: Segun Agbanzo
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A card issuer is the bank or fintech that gives you your card. See what a card issuer does and how to spot yours from your card number.
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Failed POS transaction? See what each POS error code means, how to fix it, and what to do if you were debited but the payment failed.
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What a payment processor does, how it works step by step, front-end vs back-end processing, and who processes payments in Nigeria.
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How ATM transactions work step by step, plus the latest CBN ATM fees, withdrawal limits and refund rules for failed withdrawals in Nigeria.
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How a debit card and a prepaid card differ, which is safer online, the fees to check, and when to use each one in Nigeria.
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What a payment gateway is, how it works step by step, how it differs from a processor, what it costs in Nigeria and how to choose one.
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A simple, step-by-step guide to how POS transactions work in Nigeria, why they fail, how reversals work and the 2026 CBN rules for agents.